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KMID : 0605720060120020231
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Journal of the Korean Society of Biological Therapies in Psychiatry
2006 Volume.12 No. 2 p.231 ~ p.251
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Sleep-Wake Cycle and Neurophysiological Abnormalities in Adult Rats after Prenatal Exposure to Methylazoxymethanol Acetate at Gestational Day 15
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Kim Jung-Il
Chang Su-Min
Park Sung-Pa
Jang Il-Sung
Choi Byung-Ju
Kim Sang-Heon
Lee Maan-Gee
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Abstract
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Several neuropsychiatric disorders, including intractable epilepsy, mental retardation or schizophrenia, are consequences of cortical malformation. We examined the sleep-wake profiles and the electroencephalographic(EEG) abnormalities in the adult rats exposed to methylazoxymethanol acetate(MAM) at embryonic day 15 whether cortical disorganization could affect sleep-wake cycle and neurophysiological characteristics.
In the MAM-exposed rats, only the duration of the paradoxical sleep(PS) decreased significantly while the durations of other sleep-wake states did not differ from the normal control group. The amplitude spectrum of the 7-hour EEG recordings(10：30-17：30) of the frontal, central and parietal cortices of the MAM-exposed group was compared with that of the control group. A significant amplitude decrease was seen in high delta and theta bands of the frontal EEG, in the theta band of the central EEG and in from the delta to low beta ranges of the parietal EEG. The relative amplitude distribution spectrum, which represents a specific functional state of the brain, of the MAM-exposed rats was compared with that of the control group. Significant decrease of the percentage of amplitude was seen in the theta band of the frontal, central and parietal EEG. Conversely, significant increase was seen in the beta band of the central EEG and in the beta and low gamma bands of the parietal EEG. The peak frequency of the theta wave, which is prominent in the parietal EEG, was higher in MAM-exposed rats than in the control group. In visual inspection of the EEG trace of the MAM-treated rat, spindle rhythms of the beta range were prominent during the transition to PS, the PS and even during the slow wave sleep and delta wave amplitude was smaller and the theta frequency was faster as compared with the control group.
These observations correspond to the changed in the percentage of amplitude in the relative distribution spectrum. Taken together, the findings suggest that the cortical malformation during development produces an alteration in the global functional state indicated by the EEG changes as well as alters the sleep-wakefulness characteristics.
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KEYWORD
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Methylazoxymethanol acetate, Sleep-wake cycle, EEG, Spectrum, Neuronal migration disorder
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